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Bốn năm kể từ trận động đất Haiti: phản ứng của EU

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0110_haiti-earthquakeOn 12 January 2010, Haiti was struck by a devastating earthquake that took 222,750 people's lives, injured many thousands and made 1.7 million homeless.

Làm thế nào EU trả lời

Since day one, the European Union has responded to the needs of the Haitian population; providing both immediate humanitarian relief on a massive scale, while boosting its development aid.

To this day, EU action has helped to save lives, provide shelter, food and health services, rebuild roads, schools and hospitals and support the Haitian authorities in the reconstruction process.

Bên cạnh đó ứng phó với cuộc khủng hoảng nhân đạo sau trận động đất, Liên minh châu Âu đã tiếp tục cung cấp viện trợ hợp tác với Haiti, nhằm xóa đói giảm nghèo, nâng cao mức sống và khuyến khích phát triển kinh tế-xã hội dài hạn.

EU aid reaches one Haitian in every two.

The EU has provided €883 million for Haiti between 2008 and 2013. Since 2010, the EU has committed €570m for financing projects in a number of priority areas, such as supporting the State's budget, rehabilitation of roads, agriculture, education, human rights, food security, electoral assistance and support to trade.

quảng cáo

As well as providing humanitarian and development aid, the EU and Haiti are engaged in a regular political dialogue aimed at advancing democracy, human rights, the rule of law, security and regional cooperation.

The EU has been a partner of Haiti since 1989, when the country joined the African, Caribbean and Pacific (or ACP) group of countries. This partnership was renewed as part of the Cotonou Agreement, which was concluded in 2000.

Future EU Co-operation with Haiti – 2014- 2020

The EU recently announced that it will provide €420m to Haiti, between 2014 and 2020 under the 11th European Development Fund (EDF).

Sự hỗ trợ này sẽ tập trung vào một số lĩnh vực trọng điểm; giáo dục, cải cách của nhà nước, hiện đại hóa nền hành chính công, phát triển đô thị và cơ sở hạ tầng và an ninh lương thực và dinh dưỡng.

Đào tạo

Our support on education will help to improve the quality of the country’s education system by developing the initial and life-long professional training of teachers, by improving the quality and ensuring standardisation of the national curriculum. We will also support access to primary education for children with deficiencies. In order to increase employability of youth and business development, the EU will also work towards the development of the quality and offer of vocational training.

Phát triển đô thị

In urban development, the EU will support the country’s most vulnerable areas, providing inhabitants with a better quality of life, thanks to the planned and managed development of urban areas, improved roads and access to essential services (water, sanitation, electricity and waste collection).

EU cũng sẽ hỗ trợ các cộng đồng trong việc xây dựng ngôi nhà của mình một cách hurricane- và chống động đất an toàn để đảm bảo tăng khả năng phục hồi thảm họa trong tương lai.

An ninh lương thực

EU sẽ tăng hỗ trợ để cải thiện tiếp cận của người dân đối với thực phẩm, bằng cách, ví dụ, tăng sản xuất nông nghiệp và thương mại hóa các sản phẩm nông nghiệp, cũng như giáo dục về dinh dưỡng. ví dụ khác về các hoạt động bao gồm:

  1. Updating the national food and nutritional security plan.
  2. An improved data collection and analysis system and is being put in place to help the government in predicting food shortages and put in place appropriate mitigation measures.
  3. Improving the information system on food security.
  4. Strengthening family agriculture though improved access to inputs, credits and watershed management.
  5. Thiết lập kiểm soát chất lượng và hệ thống chứng nhận cho các sản phẩm nông nghiệp và chăn nuôi.

Support for the state

Between 2014 and 2020, the EU will support the building of Haiti’s state in order to increase the government’s ability to reduce poverty, improve access to basic services and stimulate growth.

Specific support will be provided for the modernisation of the public administration, improving the public finance system, as well as transparency of public spending and the fight against corruption. A new budget support programme of €112m has just been adopted and will commence in January 2014.

phản ứng nhân đạo - giúp đáp ứng nhu cầu cấp bách trên mặt đất

Phản ứng nhân đạo của EU đối với trận động đất đã tiếp tục trong suốt năm 2013, nhằm giải quyết các nhu cầu nhân đạo phổ biến.

Total humanitarian aid to Haiti 2011-2013 has now reached €91.25m.

Các lĩnh vực hoạt động chính của ECHO là:

  1. facilitating the return of those still displaced;
  2. ensuring treatment for cholera patients and reinforce the Haitian health institutions to enable them to cope with the disease, as well as focusing on prevention, with water, sanitation and hygiene activities, including treatment facilities, and the promotion of hygiene activities, benefitting around 3 million people, and;
  3. working on Disaster Risk Reduction and preparedness of communities and institutions to better face natural hazards.

Additional aid has been given following extensive damage caused by Tropical Storm Isaac in August 2012 (€3m) and Hurricane Sandy in October 2012 (€6m).

Haiti is also the largest beneficiary of the European Commission's humanitarian aid in Latin America and the Caribbean, with more than €294.25m in humanitarian aid since 1995.

In 2010, ECHO allocated €122m to provide assistance to the victims of the earthquake and the cholera epidemic. In addition to this, funds from already on-going programs totaling €8.5m were redirected to be used in the earthquake response.

Results of EU support in Haiti

Spotlight on education

The PARQE programme

The EU has supported the Haitian state in improving quality and access to primary education, through the PARQE (Programme de renforcement de la qualité de l'éducation en Haïti, or Programme for the Improvement of Quality Education), for which we have provided €48.5m.

Thanks to the programme, 17 schools and educational support centres have been created across Haiti, and more than 370 schools in four departments have been rehabilitated. This support has meant that around 150,000 children have benefitted from an improved education. Pupils have also received manuals and school kits, and teachers have received educational material.

Spotlight on agriculture

The EU has provided €69.2m for agriculture in Haiti, including food security and rural development, between 2008 and 2013.

Kết quả bao gồm:

  1. Support for microcredit through 11 financial cooperatives (€2m)
  2. Support for the fishing industry on the Ile de la Gonâve- benefitting 600 fishermen and 16 associations (€1.5m).
  3. Support for food security for around 5,000 rural families in the centre west and Central Plateau regions, through hill lakes and rehabilitation of irrigation systems.

Spotlight on the private sector

‘Haiti is open for business’

The EU is providing support to President Martelly’s new ‘Haiti is Open for Business’ initiative, which aims to boost the country’s competitiveness and economy. The EU has provided €9.3m in order to help Haiti to improve trade, through, for example, setting up the Bureau of Standards, with €1m, and creation of industrial microparcs - sites, equipped for industrial use that are rented out by the government to private operators and therefore support the start-up of industrial activities.

Spotlight on bi-national programme with Dominican Republic

In support of regional integration with its neighbouring country, this EU programme aims to improve the relationships between the two countries through increased trade links and local development, as well as environmental protection in the border areas.

Thông tin thêm

For more on DG EuropeAid

For more on DG ECHO

Để biết thêm về công việc của DG ECHO tại Haiti

To find out more about work in Haiti

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